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Energy Internet has recentl" ∏≠y been "very hot" in the≥¶∏¥ energy circle, with the concept  §of "Internet +", the traditi¶≈ε​onal energy industry s‍φ↔£eems to have ushered in a wave of inπ¥novative thinking. Also in the✔÷∑" context of the energy revolu​‍φ¶tion, we must open up a new way∞÷≈ to change the mode of energ§♠y development, and t™γ ♠he prospects of this road in the e¥♠≠£nd how? More attention hλ÷λ∑as been drawn to the industry and out× ≈side.

　　"The energy Internet is a high dπ‍egree of integration of₹β↓₩ multiple types of energy netwγβ$®orks and transport networks" ☆€¥λ"The basic concept ofδ&α the energy Internet and smart grid i↔≈εs the same, and the content ε&™×can not be found in principle di∑δαfferent" "The energy Interσβnet is The energy Intγεernet is a strong smart grid w•'ith ultra-high voltage ¶≥•¶grid as the backbone (channel)♦★, with clean energy transmission a"♣$s the leading, global interconnection a‍±nd ubiquitous," various unders©≠£tandings and interpretations of the en↑←ergy Internet have appeared, and p♣÷ ←eople are not sure what to thin♥☆k about it.

　　Energy Internet concept ≈βwas born ten years ago

　　From 22 to 24 April, at the ↓™foot of Fragrant Hill in Beijing, a nu≥​✔₩mber of academicians and more×λ than 50 experts and scholars p≤♠≈®articipated in an academic conference $÷on the theme of energy Inte&$rnet. Conference parties on the conceγ©pt and structure of the eneσ↕↑rgy Internet, energy Internet ♦£αoperation mechanism and market ™≠↑•model and other topics forπ©♦ in-depth discussion, which is s​♣ δo far China's academic communi ₩δ↔ty for the energy Internet ★♥✘ at the highest level≤γ of a seminar meeting.

　　When did the concept of energy €✔∏Internet come into being? Cao Junwei$$↓®, a researcher at Tsinghua Univers∞γ×ity's Institute of Information  ¶‌φTechnology, who has lonδγ ×g been engaged in cross-dσ≠✔γisciplinary research on informaΩ✔™tion and energy and power technologies'±, believes that in 2♦₹004, The Economist magazine π​published an article calle∏♣d "buildingtheenergyinternet&quo∏™t;, which is the earliest literature ≥<≥to formally put forward this viewpoi✔λ♥nt.

　　In 2008, Thomas Friedman, a fπ€☆ amous American journalist an÷εd winner of three Pulitzer ‍≠≥≠Prizes for journalism, iλβntroduced the energy intδ‍ernet in his monograph &qu>★ ↓ot;The World is Hot, F×☆ lat and Crowded", whic☆↔γh is also the initial explor®£ation of the energy internet a ∞&¥t the economics level.

　　Explorations at the technical <$™ level also took place around  •2008, when Germany put forwarσ↓ε€d the E-ENERGY programme, §♠with an investment of abo"‍©ut 140 million euros, tε÷×o make full use of informatioφ​≤∏n and communication tec☆​&✘hnologies to solve the new p♣™‌roblems faced by the future power≈★$Ω system dominated by distrib♦♠uted energy supply, with the aim of cre§γδ∑ating a brand new energy Internet f←§∑§rom the distribution ne±€twork to the circulating power grid.

　　In 2009, in the U.S. city of Dubuque¶≈€, IBM and the government began to build↕>♥∞ the first smart city w₽§ith an intelligent energy netw ♦εork, in order to create a conn€↔ection between all the resources of t♦γ∑he city, including water, elect÷♥♥ricity, oil, gas, transport, σ×↓♣public services and so onα←.

　　The energy Internet has attrβ₽←acted widespread attention in ×∞£↔the country, probably→♥♥ more because of Rifki≠←n's book "Th"☆e Third Industrial Revolutio ∑>≈n", which imagines that β×£"in the upcoming era, we will €♣need to create an &#<±←39;energy Internet', so that hun€σ↔dreds of millions of people can produce★  green renewable energy in their homes,$≈ offices and factories". green✘¥¥₽ renewable energy.&qu™¥>​ot;

　　The concept became more widely k•≠¶"nown when Liu Zhenya, Chairman of S™σ₩tate Grid Corporation, put "¥∑$forward the idea of "building>‌ a global energy internet to "↔®serve the sustainable developmenβ↕‍t of human society" ≠​€at an academic conference in Washiφ©∞>ngton, D.C., in 2014.

　　Different Perspectiv♥±¥es on the Energy Internet

　　Liu Zhenya proposed in h→δ ✘is book "Global Ene™π>rgy Internet" that the γ±≥global energy Internet₽π&φ is composed of transcontinenta ≈​λl and transnational back↕↔​bone grids and power grids of va✔↔≤rious voltage levels in var<✘→ious countries, connecting "one p↑™‌ ole and one road" (the Arct•<∞ic and the Equator) with large ene γ∞rgy bases, adapting to the needs × ∞of accessing various d•ε¥istributed power sources, and b←±σεeing able to transmit ↑©renewable energy sources such a♥∞←s wind energy, solar en↓α☆ergy and ocean energy to various types♠♥↔ of users, as well as providing a servi↓"σce for the sustainable devel£♠↕opment of human society. It can trδ ε∏ansmit renewable energy s↑♥€uch as wind energy, solar energy ↑₹←γand ocean energy to various t±☆♠→ypes of users, and is a global ener ≠•σgy allocation platform with a wid&<e range of services, strong configura₩ε×♠tion capability, high safe"‌♦ty and reliability, and gr↔&een and low-carbon.

　　"The energy Inter♦≤≤εnet in my mind is a comprehensive en♦$ergy network composed of physic'εal systems, namely the power grid, gas$↑<λ network, heat network, transport netwo‍≥≠εrk, etc." Xue Yusheng, academici↑₽∏an of the Chinese Academy of E≈←&ngineering and honorar≤®>y president of the State§₹ ∏ Grid Electric Power Acad™<↓emy, also offered his views.

　　Professor Yu Zitao, di₹₩×<rector of the Institute of Thermal•≥∑γ Engineering and Pow∏•♠er Systems at Zhejiang University,™★δγ believes that the de¶ velopment of a high-eff‍≤₹iciency energy network will take the r λ →oute of high-efficiency gradient ε ✔utilisation, in which the energy o₩£f systems that can independently©₽₹  output electricity, heat and ÷♣$ cold will be used in a gr∞$✘<adient manner, so that ©₹λ♣the comprehensive utilisat¥¥ion rate will reach more than 90%.<Ωγλ

　　Academician Yu Yixin, on the o≠✔ther hand, said that t₩•he basic concepts of the energy Int★₹£↕ernet and the smart grid♥α>← that we have already dis §cussed are the same, Ω•and the content can ♠÷≈not be found to be different i£σn principle, includi&₩★←ng intelligent universal transformers s♠αuch as electrical energy routers.π★

　　"Due to the differe§≤₽♦nt perspectives that everyφ$ ¶one stands on, differen×✔Ω≥t understandings and views are genera♣πted, but from the ac£→ademic level, it is not ¶∏possible to distinguish ↕ who is right and who is wrong, £&γbecause the work can be car >αried out from different₽'←' levels." Cao Junwei told report‍γers that the development and constructλ♣§ion of the energy Internet is a com → ™plex systematic project≈‍π≈, which needs to start from the syst≠∑βεem architecture, technolog→ y research and developm'γ>ent, standards development, policy γ©Ωdesign and other aspects and♣↑​→ links, and the way should be to tak♦λ☆e the road of hierarchical grading,∑&¥π from small scale to laδ×rge scale, from simple to complex, fro∏∑βm experimental to demonstratio'₽≠n, and then to the maturity of the ♠©promotion.

　　SmartGrid or SmarterGrid

　　Although there are a lot of views ®♥on the energy Internet, there is anσ‌ obvious common point is th≤γα♣at the smart grid will pla¥₩×y an important role in bui'≥'lding the energy Internet∑$¶, so understanding the content o÷&≈♣f the smart grid is crucial to underλαstanding the energy Internet.

　　In fact, the industry and outsid &e the concept of sma₹ו rt grid understanding has long exist↓↔÷ed different views, whether it is s<↔​×martgrid or smartergrid (smartδφer grid), people hav &÷₩e their own views.

　　"The essence of the smart g←'✔rid should be optimisation. Th≥™e future of the grid, ★πwe can not rely mainly on ¥< 'people scheduling, mu±≈st be through informatioוn technology and computer science for a•×utomatic regulation and control, t σ™"o achieve the whole power s ♥§§ystem completely closed lo ♣≈op. For example, the cur•π₹rent scheduling in Shangh​<₩ai, has been initially done." Lu ¥'≠Qiang, an academician of the Chinese A±>∞cademy of Sciences and a profe‍↑$σssor at Tsinghua Unive‌¶φ☆rsity, put forward the concepδ↓♦↑t of smart grid with hybriλ∞©d cybernetics, arguing that the e×★★ntry of communication and mathema↓☆tics into the classical♦≥® power system gave rise to the∑•≈ third industrial revolution of the pow∞♦♠↕er system, which gave rise♠<®≠ to the smart power system.

　　"By 2020 the State Grid Corporat←•Ωion will have fully built a unified &#$©39;strong smart grid' withδ©↔  technology and equipment full§δ₩y reaching the internatio ™÷nal advanced level." Acco∏σrding to Shu Yinbiao, geσα↓neral manager of the≤£↓↓ State Grid Corporation, China's sm✔£art grid includes six links in tΩ&he power system, name≠✘ly power generation, transm÷₹ission, substation, distribβ€αution, power consumption and disΩ✔©patching, and is char↓‌>acterised by the "©±®;smart" technologies of infor≈ ↓ matisation, digitisation, autoδδ÷mation and interaction. China↓∞9;s smart grid is fi$♣€rst of all a strong power grid, i≠≥n which, with a long di£λ stance, large capacity tran​↓¥smission characteristics of the u♥≈↕ltra-high voltage grid will b♣©ecome the core link, w×​&hich is determined by the stage of÷¶§© China's economic develo₹♣< pment, the centralised distribution o‌₹¥ f energy characteristics.

　　"Smart grid is a development "'§↑goal." Academician of thγ♠e Chinese Academy of Engine䶥>ering, the Southern Power ®∞☆ Grid Corporation Expert Committee Dire&÷ctor Li Li Li, said in an in₩↓αterview with reporters, the develop≈₽<ment of energy and electricity ha$≥↕✘ve 3 laws to follow, including th<"‍'e law of science and technolog>ש©y development, the law of s♥♣"↕ocial development and tπ' ∏he law of market development.γ$

　　China's famous power →βsystem analysis, planning an  'd simulation experts, academician of th£§e Chinese Academy of Engineering Y ↕€u Yixin believes that "βΩthe smart grid will change the w✔'ay people live and work like th×∏<e Internet, the realizatio$βn of the smart grid requires a long ↔β↓transition, sustained research and®≈φ↕ development and a va♥✘§riety of technologies ​↓for long-term coexistence.

　　What is certain is that in the contex∞∏↓t of the third industrial revoluti£¶<on, the integration of power grid and i★₽$nformation technology is an inevi✔$σtable trend, whether we focus on th≈•e current smartergri∞∞d or our ideal smartgrid, to®☆↓  create a highly efficient grid will™§♦< be the core content of t¥πγ↔he energy Internet.

　　The impact of Internet thinki÷δ¥ng on energy

　　Energy is a traditional industry, Ω✘£∏the Internet is an emerging in'☆dustry, the integration o<ε↓∑f the two will certainly b ✔‌ring the concept of collision, λ↕the concept of change may be ∑♥♥the beginning of technical and institutε♣ional change.

　　"The traditional power ©δ∑≠industry by the natural monopoly chaσ'racteristics and security constraints✘☆&​, the sensitivity of information techn≠↔​ology is not enough." Li Li L ☆i academician interviewe ©♠®d by a reporter expres♠®sed such a view.

　　"If the grid inte↕₩×₹lligent or in the tradiπδ×↓tional grid architecture through inform"↓‍‌ation technology and intelligen★★φ€t means, to solve the problem ©✘♥of equipment utilisation, security♣π± and reliability, poσ©wer quality and renewabl≤₹₩¶e energy access, the fundamental di ₹fference between the energy Internet ✔ε£is the use of Internet co$♣¥✔ncepts, methods and technologies to ‌βachieve a major chang≠φe in the energy infrastructure☆φ ' architecture itself, making the ≥≤energy of open interconnection an ₽βd exchange Sharing c✔Ω←an be as convenient as sharingβ•÷  information on the Internet ↓€." Cao Junwei s÷αaid.

　　Openness, interconnection, reciprocit↔↕↔y and sharing are the characteristics oπ‌f Internet thinking, while the tradi₩∞‌tional energy industry  ✔places more emphasis on pr♣δ₹♥oduction, professionalism and sec'✔urity. A number of expe γαrts believe that the☆  development of distrib∑↑☆✔uted energy has given the energy<>♠ industry an opportunity to tλ±ransform, with the tradδ  ↕itional power indust✘​→ry emphasises the development mod☆↕≥e of generation, transmi♦'ssion, distribution and transformation§>✔γ, distributed energy makes t"™₽he energy flow, poweλ∑λ‍r flow changes, the operation of the≤§£↕ local microgrid needs to b >e open, sharing and other concep≤α•ts embedded in the ene≠±εβrgy and power industry nee​₩≤ds to face.

　　The Internet is invisible and bordφπ¥erless, and the development of energy ₽∏Internet will also be open an∏>εγd ceilingless, only a large amounλ$≥±t of innovation and prac™$§&tice will bring about a brand n• γew energy industry.